of brunswick



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet; 1

4 H. BUSSING. ANTI-FRICTION ROLLER BEARING.

No. 253,679. Patented Feb. 14,1882.

W umilw Fly 6 H. BUSSING.

ANTI-FRICTION ROLLER BEARING. Patented Feb. 14,1882;

an J w-mrmm of a number of balls arranged to travel around 4 dicate like parts wherever UNITED STATES PAT NT FFICE.

HEINRICH BUSSlNG, on BRUNSWICK, nnuNsWIcK, enmmnY/ ANTI-FRICTION ROLLER BEARING.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 253,679, dated February 14, 1882.

Application iiledJannui-y 9,i88-2. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it kuowntliat I, Hnnvmoa Bussme, en

gineer, subject of the Duke of Brunswiclaresidingat Brunswick, in theDukedom of Bruns- 5 wick, German Empire, have invented certain :5 e The invention has for its object to reduce to a minimum the frictional resistance in moving a load upon a stationary track or way by the use of rolling'or movable balls, whereby all journal friction is avoided and a rolling friction :0 only is exerted between the bearing-surfaces.

The further object of theinventiou is to applythese movable balls to vehicles instead of 3 the ordinary wheels, and also to journal-bearlugs.

The invention consists essentially in the use a track or way when brought'in contact with a movable'body as a journal, or when moved over a. stationary bod y,'such as a road or track. The invention further'consists in the construction of devices whereby the desired results may be obtained in the simplest manner, all as hereinafter more 'fullydescribed, 'and as shown in the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which- 5 Figures 1. and 2 are longitudinal and transverse sections, respectively, of appliances to be used in lieu of wheels for moving loads. Figs. 3 and 4 are like views, respectively,illustrating the invention as applied to journaland transverse sections, respeetively,ofai modified journal .-bearing.

' Like letters of reference are employed to insuch may occur in A istlieasing, made iutwo sections, a e,

I in whichare arranged ii the form of Karinga number of balls, B, so that the said balls B anoe, either in a. circular or other path. 'Atits bearings. Figs. 5 and 6 are also longitudinal may move'ione after another} without. resist" lower end the casing A is open, as shown in Figs. 1, 2-, 3, and 'l, so that the rolling ballsot'the ball-i-ing'will comein contact with the surface upon which they move or by which they are moved. The casing A has a track composed of semi-spherical ribs 0 upon that side where the balls project therefrom, and are in contact with the surface upon which they move or. by which they are moved, as

shown. The pressure that isexerted'upon the casing Aby aload in the direction of the arrow' Q, Fig. 1, is transmitted by the ribbed track 0 to the balls and through these to their stationary support, as in said Fig. 1. If. power is'applied to the casing; to move it toward the right, then the balls B will be moved in" the ea-singin the direction of the arrows and traveling along a circular rother track, whereby they are brought successively in contact with moving along the ribbed track 0, which is par allel with the supporting-surtace, they act as carriers or bearing-surfaces for the load, and, rolling, simultaneously produce motion -btween the bearing-surfaces.

To avoid friction bet-ween any twoot' those balls-B which act as carriers, sufficient space is provided to allow them slight play, which space always exists between said carrier-balls when on the track 0, and the contact betweenthe suppolting-surlace. While theseballs-dre v them takes place at that time only whenone means of the flanges E said casing maybe bolted to any suitable receptacle for contain-.-v ing the load. The described construction may be used on vehicles instead of'wheels, in which case such vehicle is provided with four of these. casings.-

In Figs. 3 ands the construction is illustrated in the formof an axle-box, and it-mayalso be used in this form as a shaft-bearingby'simplyreversing the casing; as shown-that is,w.h'en

media the form of an'axle-bearin gftlie press are is exerted by the load upon the hens and rod.

through them upon revolving axle; but when reversed and used as a shaft bearing, then the pressure is exerted by the revolving shaft upon the balls and through them upon the casingthat is, ina reversedirection. In thisconstruction, as shown in Fig.4, I employ preferably two series of balls B, and the casing A is made in three sections, a. a! a, instead of'two, as above set forth, the section a of which'containsone-half of the guide-track for the two series of balls. The periphery of the axle F or the shaft, as the case maybe, serves as a moving track or way for the balls, and to that end the ribbed track 0 is made concentric with by means of the flanges E E.

the axle or shaft. By means of the bolts D the three sections of the casing inclosing the balls are bolted together, and by means of the flanges E E said casing may be bolted to any suitable receptaclefor containing the load, or, when reversed, to suitable supports for the shaft-bearings. In either-case a cover may be combined with the axle-box or shaft-bearing If lateral pressure is exerted upon the box or hearing and the axle rotated in the direction of the arrows, the balls will move in a like direction, as indicated by arrows, and one after the other will 'jacent series of balls are employed, and the casing is consequently also madein three sections, a a a. As shown in Fig.2.), around the a'xle or shaft are arranged three such bearings equidistant from each other, all combined in one casing A, and constituting a'bearing tbr a wheel-hub. Each ball system is composed of two adjacent series of balls B, the circular casng being composed of three sections, a a a",'as shown, said sections being united by means of screw-bolts D. The annular bcarin g may be combined with the hub of a'wheel in various ways, If ressure is applied to the stationary axis ah the hearing rigidly con- Severalof the described nected with a wheel rotated therebyin the direction indicated by the arrows, all the balls of the three systems will move in the same direction, as indicated by the respective arrows of the three systems.

of the two.

This ball-wheel in its various uses offers no inconsiderable advantages. It reduces the loss of power, as ascertained by experiment, at least to one-third of that which occurs in bearings of usual construct-ion, and the expenses of oiling are avoided.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The means employed for reducing the friction of the bearing-surfaces of a stationary and a moving lmdy, which consists essentially in the combination of two such bodies, an endless track, and a series of spheres interposed between the bearing-surfaces of said bodies, said spheres being impelled by the moving body and caused to continuously travel around said'track, which latter is arranged to cause the spheres to be successively brought into and moved out of contact with'the bearing-surfaces of the two bodies, as described;

2. The casing A, composed of two or more sections, in which is formed an endless track or tracks having an openingin one portion thereof, a series of spheres, B, arranged to travel freely around said track when impelled by frictional I contact with another body and projecting partly through the track to establish said frictional contact-,in combination with a stationary tracker road upon which said casing is moved to impel the spheres, or a mov ing shaft or axle that imparts motion to said spheres, allarran ged for operation asdescribed.

3. The combination", with the casing Aand the spheres B, of an endless track, one section ,of which is provided with rails or ribs 0, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereofi aflix my signature in presenceof two-witnesses.

mtmmcn BUSSING.

Witnesses:

WIL IAM 0. Fox, J 011s. Krmcxn.

Every ball in its turn- .is thus simultaneouslybrought in contactwith the periphery of the axle or shaft and the ribbed track 0, and interposed between thepressure 

